Gerunds, Present, and Past Participles

A.      Gerunds

                  A gerunds is the-ing form of a verb used as a noun. A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an-ing word. Gerund phrases always function as nouns.

3 kinds of gerunds :

1.       Gerunds as subject, is placed in beginning of sentences.

Example: Dancing is my hobby.

2.       Gerund as Object, placed of the end or after verb 1.

Example: I love studying English so much.

3.       Gerund after preposition, such as at, in, on, for, before, after, without, by, of, with, about, etc.

Example : The team should be hard at exercising.

B.      Present and Past Participle

1.       Present  Participle (verb+ing)

                Present participle is used adjective form for noun. As an adjective, a present participle modifies a noun that affects someone or something else.

Example:

·         The plot of the movie is boring

·         The journey was really exciting

·         The fans are interesting in the new song

2.       Past Participle (verb+ed)

                Past participle is past form verb, as an adjective. Past participles are formed by adding –ed, to the verb stem, but some of the irrengular forms may end in –d,  -en, -n, or –t.

Example :

·         I am rather bored with the plot of the movie

·         I was really excited after the journey

·         The fans were interested in the new song.